How are birds affected by our urban landscapes in their annual journeys across the continent? Most birds migrate at night. Light, noise, and buildings pose particular challenges for these birds. In his research, Dr. J. Alan Clark uses recordings of the short vocalizations that most birds use during migratory flight as well as small- and large-scale radar to examine these urban challenges to bird migration. Dr. Clark is an Associate Professor of Biology at Fordham University and coordinator of the school’s conservation biology program.